Worldwide Responsible Accredited Production

Bangladesh Fire Safety Training

WRAP’s Director of the Bangladesh Office, Saifullah Khawaja, is conducting fire safety trainings so often he’s become quite the professional.

Our 2012 training schedule has eight fire safety courses schedule for Bangladesh alone, of which two have been taught to date. On February 15, Khawaja taught the unique preventative course at the Sea Shell Hotel in Uttara, Bangladesh.

The fire safety training came to be as result of increased health and safety concerns in Bangladeshi apparel factories—WRAP staff saw a need and stepped up to help the industry.

The day-long course covers  a review of Bangladeshi fire safety laws, the definition of a fire, fire awareness, combustion and fire spread, human behavior in a fire situation, the role of the fire warden, basic principles of risk assessment, routine fire prevention measures, model of evacuation, fire safety features and facilities, fire drills and pre-planning, fire-fighting equipment, a practical fire-fighting session, and a five-step risk assessment process. A full description of the course can be found on the website.

Overall, attendees at the February 15 training were impressed by the course. There is a growing awareness among Bangladeshi citizens of the importance of fire safety in apparel factories and the need to increase training and education on the subject.

“This training was very useful for me and I received sound knowledge from it. I will be able to apply this to the workplace,” said one attendee.

“It will be effective for me to utilize in my profession,” said another.

Colombia Boosted by Retail, FTAs, Infrastructure

Editor’s Note: This article was written by Patrick Lamson-Hall for the Sourcing Journal on  Tuesday February 21, 2012, and republished here with the owner’s permission.

In the latest sign of Colombia’s rising trade profile, Colombiatex, the international garment and textile fair, generated a record breaking $120.5 million in business in only 3 days. The fair, which is in its 24th year, attracted more than 15,000 visitors and 500 international companies.

The fair was held in Medellin, Colombia, the center of the country’s garment industry. Textiles and apparel are estimated to account for as much as 35% of economic activity in Medellin. The city was previously synonymous with the drug trade, but has experienced a renaissance since the security situation began improving several years ago.

Nicolas Galarza, a former Colombian government official, said, “It’s safer to do business, it’s safer to travel around, it’s easier to get inputs for your business in a timely manner without extortion. There was always a big potential, but it wasn’t happening. The overall situation, especially improvements in security and the regional positioning of Colombian brands have led to this improvement. For example, most jeans from Diesel are made from Colombian inputs.”

The Colombian retail sector has been leveraging Medellin’s hip design-based culture to propel itself to regional prominence. “The market is expanding. Colombia has always had a big industry, but now with the free trade agreement markets have been expanding. In the last 10 years, Colombian brands have been expanding throughout South America and the Caribbean. You can actually find Colombian brands with retail stores in North and South America and the Caribbean,” said Galarza.

Photo credit: Colombiatex

Business has also been boosted by the finalization in October of the US-Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement, which reduced tariffs from a maximum of 20 percent on apparel and textiles to  instantaneous duty free status. This comes on the heels of a separate Colombian FTA with the European Union.

The U.S. agreement includes a yarn-forward rule of origin, meaning that in order to enter the US market duty-free, the the products must be made using regional and US yarns and fabrics. This is intended to prevent the use of the FTA as a backdoor for low-cost yarns from Asia.

Colombia is a net importer of textiles, but a net exporter of finished apparel. The textile and clothing sector accounted for 12% of the country’s manufacturing GDP in 2007 (the most recent statistic available), and over $2 billion in exports. Overall, GDP is expected to grow 5-6% in 2012, but it is likely that the share of GDP attributed to the textile and clothing sector will rise, due to a potential new FTA with Venezuela that will eliminate duties on 91% of Colombian finished goods.

Colombian exporters have benefited from a historically stable currency. It is the only nation in South America that never experienced an inflation crisis. The Colombian peso has recently begun to appreciate, as foreign direct investment and repatriated profits are causing an influx of dollars.

Colombia is a CIVETS country, one of six countries regarded as economically diversified, and extremely macro economically stable, with a young and growing population. The rally in the peso is largely due to investment booms in mining and oil, and is expected to be controlled by the central government through dollar buybacks.

Even these currency difficulties are symptomatic of a trend that will eventually help lift the Colombian garment and apparel sector.

Colombian commodities are in high demand in China, and that is already leading Chinese companies to invest in infrastructure to connect the Caribbean and Pacific coasts. They are also investing in the development of the interior, which struggles with large mountain ranges despite having all the major cities in the country. The Chinese are also investing in new port facilities, which will increase Colombian shipping capacity.

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UL-STR’s 7th Annual Responsible Sourcing Summit

In February, Vice President of Compliance Avedis Seferian headed to Los Angeles for the 7th Annual UL-Responsible Sourcing’s Responsible Sourcing Summit.

The day-long event featured six panels on issues related to corporate social responsibility in the sourcing industry, such as human trafficking, slavery, anti-corruption and migrant workers in the global supply chain. Senior executives from both non-profit organizations, industry bodies like the American Apparel & Footwear Association and major corporations including Target, Eileen Fisher, Yahoo! and Coca Cola.

Seferian found the first session, “The Moment of Truth: Can John Ruggie’s Human Rights Guiding Principles Spring to Life?,” very interesting. Ruggie, a professor at Harvard’s Kennedy School, developed a series of guiding principles for businesses and human rights known as “Protect, Respect and Remedy.” The guiding principles detail what steps should be taken to foster business respect for human rights, lay out a blueprint for companies to know and show that they respect human rights, and reduce the risk of causing human rights infractions; and constitute a set of standards for stakeholders to assess business’ respect for human rights. The panel focused on how businesses in attendance can bring these principles into practice.

The second panel, “In the Trenches: A Look at How Innovative Companies are Tackling Slavery and Human Trafficking,” covered an issue close to WRAP’s mission. Our second principle, prohibition of forced labor, was recently updated to read “Facilities will not use involuntary, forced or trafficked labor,” to reflect in writing the importance of preventing trafficked labor, a goal our auditors have been working to prevent since our organization’s inception. The WRAP staff is pleased to see the increasing awareness of trafficking and slavery issues in supply chains and efforts by brands and corporations to prevent these unethical practices.

Also important to the mission of our organization is the rights of migrant workers, which was covered in the fourth panel.

Looking back at the conference, Seferian remarked, “It’s always good to see big names like Coca-Cola and Target lending their voices to such issues that are close to WRAP’s heart.”

Interview: Marian McLaughlin of the Amsterdam Fashion Institute

Taking a break from the five-day social compliance course at the Amsterdam Fashion Institute (AMFI), our communications manager, Cori Sue Morris, sat down for a chat with Marian McLaughlin, head of AMFI’s International Office.

McLaughlin, who has worked in this role at AMFI for seven years, oversees the fashion management honors program, which begins with the five-day social compliance auditor course.

 CSM: “So, tell me about this honors program for the fashion management students.”

 MM: “This is the fifth year of the honors program for fashion management students who are specializing in international production. It focuses on business in China—primarily sourcing and production. A lot of the companies are now selling in China, not just sourcing for the west.

We set this up at the request of both private companies and the students. Students are seeing that China is a very important market—it’s very important to know how to do business with China.

The program is taken by students in their third year. They begin the semester with the WRAP course to learn about the factory side of apparel production. Then, they go through short classes in fashion industry logistics, quality control, and sourcing while dealing with the visa process. During this period there are also guest lectures by sourcing industry experts.

It’s all preparation to help them with what they’re going to do in China. Then, the second phase is at Hong Kong Polytechnic, where they take four weeks of Chinese language and culture. The third phase is individual internships with brands and apparel sourcing companies across Hong Kong and China”

CSM: “So, why China?”

MM: “Companies are looking for graduates who have experience working in Asia. The cultural component, the cross-cultural communication is one of the major benefits of the course. Because, let’s face it, it’s in the communication that things go wrong all the time.”

CSM: “Chinese is a difficult language, how much do students actually learn in four weeks?”

MM: “I’m actually surprised by how much they can actually do at the end of four weeks. They take three hours of Mandarin every morning for four weeks. They learn the basic, polite forms. Then, the last week is dedicated specifically to clothing terminology. They learn things like ‘too dark,’ ‘too small,’ ‘too high,’ and ‘too low.’ They learn the phrases for classic things that could go wrong with a garment in clothing production.”

CSM: “How does this benefit the students in their future careers in fashion?”

MM: “Students intern with impressive brands like Intersport, O’Neill and also with compliance organizations like WRAP. During their time in China, they go straight into factories, taking with them what they learned on the WRAP course.

We’ve noticed that it is really good on their CVs and definitely helps students get jobs afterwards. The fact that they have already worked in Asia is a real plus point.

The strong industry links, practical assignments for companies, encouragement of students’ entrepreneurial attitude all set AMFI’s fashion management program apart.”

CSM: “What do you think about Stuart [Webster, WRAP’s Vice President of Training and Education], who teaches the course, and his teaching style?”

MM: “The students experience an amazing eye opener this first week. Stuart is a bloody good teacher. He really warms them to the subject of factory conditions, social compliance, and the importance of ethics in apparel production. In theory, they’ve looked at the apparel production so far in their educations, now we try and work on ethics and sustainability.

The films he shows of the factories and the real situations—that really opens their eyes. They have visited factories in Europe and Turkey. But, unless they’ve completed an internship already, they haven’t experienced what factories are really like in the major production countries.

Stuart is an amazing trainer—he manages to imbue an amazing enthusiasm for his subject.”

AMFI students during the course.

CSM: “How do you think this will impact the future of sustainable and ethical fashion?”

MM: “The purpose of this program is to educate the students on international production and help them obtain a career in fashion. But, it is also to help them realize that they are members of a bigger society. And, when you source or when you produce a product, you are responsible for the way it was produced and the conditions under which it was produced.

I think that, after this course, when students go into the workplace they’ll have more of an eye for how things are made, and the conditions under which they have to be produced. Our hope is that they’ll take that into account when they get into a position that they are negotiating prices.”

CSM: “How important do you think ethics are in the fashion industry?”

MM: “It’s certainly talked about a lot in the fashion and fashion university world—it’s certainly something we feel we should be doing.

It’s definitely the case that big producers are trying to produce organic cotton and be more sustainable. Obviously, these big companies feel that the consumer is starting to care more.

So, I think we’ve reached a point where it may start to tip. It was often that ethical clothing had what I call a “High Birkenstock factor”—it was expensive and made for idealists. I think maybe we are reaching a tipping point where it will start to become more main stream.

With the recession, it will go either way. People may say, ‘Oh, we’re just going to buy cheap.” Or, they’ll say “We’re going to buy clothing that’s made to love and made to last.’ I hope it’s the latter.”